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A high intake of saturated fats has been shown, in rats fed drastic diets, to be associated with an acceleration of platelet-rich plasma clotting time, an increased thrombin aggregation and a high incidence of venous thrombosis. Linoleic acid appeared to have an antithrombotic effect. In order to understand the role of dietary linoleic acid in platelet function, the present study was undertaken with different concentrations of linoleic acid (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 6%), provided by corn oil which were added to purified diet high in saturated fat (40% hydro-genated coconut oil) but otherwise completely adequate in any other aspects. These four diets were fed to 4 groups of weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 months. At the end of the feeding period, platelet-rich plasma clotting time, platelet aggregation to thrombin, ADP, arachidonate, collagen and fatty acid composition of total platelet phospholipids were determined. Rats fed 0%, 0.5%, 1% linoleic acid showed a marked hypercoagulability, hyperagregability to thrombin, in comparison to 6% linoleic acid-fed rats. Moreover, this hyperagregability and hypercoagulability were associated with the following increased ratios of platelet phospholipid fatty acids : 20 : 4/18 : 2 and 16 : 1 + 18 : 1 + 20 : 1 + 24: 1 + 20 : 3ω9/18 : 2. It seems that dietary linoleic acid plays a crucial role in platelet functions.

thrombosis and haemostasis

Effects of Varying Concentrations of Dietary Linoleic Acid on Platelet-Rich Plasma Clotting Time, Platelet Aggregation and Phospholipid Fatty Acids Composition of Rats