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Twenty dogs with a variety of untreated naturally occurring tumors [lymphoma (6), soft tissue sarcomas (6), adenocarcinoma of the prostate (2), mast cell tumor (2), malignant melanoma (2), osteogenic sarcoma (1) and intraductal breast CA (1)] hadCr labeled platelet and 125I fibrinogen survivals measured to determine the effects of malignancy on the hemostatic mechanism. Seven dogs with limited tumors had platelet survivals of 5·5 days ±0.6 (normal 5.6 days ± 0.6) and fibrinogen survivals of 2.9 days ± 0.5 (normal 2.7 days ± 0.4). In three dogs who died of extensive disease, platelet survivals averaged 1.8 days ±0.6 and fibrinogen survivals 1.2 days ± 0.8. Platelet and fibrinogen turnovers were both 2.5 x normal. In 10 dogs with intermediate disease who lived long enough to be studied serially, baseline platelet survivals averaged 2.8 days ± 1.4 and fibrinogen survivals 2.5 days ± 0.6. Since platelet survivals were disproportionately reduced in this group, antiplatelet drugs were given (dipyridamole, SH 1117 or RA 233). Repeat studies showed a prolongation of platelet survival in 5 of 10 animals studied (4.0 days ± 1.0). Responders were 3/5 sarcomas, 1/4 lymphomas and 1/1 adenocarcinoma of the prostate. These data suggest that consumption of clotting factors is related to the extent of the underlying malignancy and response to platelet function inhibitors is governed by the type of malignancy. Since platelet and fibrinogen consumption have similarly been found in metastatic human tumors (Ann. NY Acad. Sei. 230:252, 1974), this animal model may represent an opportunity to explore the value of antithrombotic therapy in maintaining hemostatic factors and preventing thromboembolic complications.

Hemostatic Factor Consumption in Tumor Dogs and Response of Platelet Function Inhibitors