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A novel two-stage SDS gel electrophoretic procedure was devised to examine the molecular weight heterogeneity of fibrinogen in small samples of whole plasma from 12 normal and 7 cirrhotic individuals. Fibrinogen was first separated from other plasma proteins on a large pore gel, cut out of the gel, reduced, and separated into its component Aα, Bβ, and γ chains on a second gel. Two major mol wt species—fibrinogen I and II—were observed on the first gel. The ~ 25000 mol wt difference between these two forms reflected a decrease primarily in the size of one of the fibrinogen II Aα chains. In both normals and cirrhotic patients fibrinogen II comprised 30% of the total (range 20–35%). Fibrinogen I and II each contained two major high mol wt Aα chains—Aα/1 and a smaller Aα/2—that differ by 3000 mol wt. In normal fibrinogen I, Aα/2 comprised 33% of the total Aα chains (range 27–41%). In contrast the fibrinogen I of 6 out of the 7 patients had a lower per cent of Aα/2 (range 10–25%). Similar quantitative differences were seen in the decreased fraction of Aα/2 in the fibrinogen II of cirrhotic patients compared to normals. No correlation was found between per cent fibrinogen II and per cent Aα/2 in either normal subjects or cirrhotics. These results suggest that at least two independent processes are responsible for the observed levels of Aα chain heterogeneity in normals and cirrhotics and that one of these processes yields a lower than normal fraction of Aa/2 chains in the fibrinogen of cirrhotic individuals.

Quantitative Abnormalities of Aα Chain Molecular Weight in the Fibrinogen of Cirrhotic Patients