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Citrate (11 mM) is generally used as anticoagulant when platelet functions are tested. In contrast to heparin anticoagulation, citrate drastically lowers calcium levels creating a milieu, incompatible with life in an organism. However, the effects of heparin on platelet function are still a matter of debate, studies on this subject employing variable protocols of heparin administration and thus probably being responsible for the existing conflict of results. The present study attempts a systematic comparison of spontaneous as well as ADP and adrenaline induced PA and the RR under influence of either heparin or citrate used as anticoagulant. Spontaneous and ADP or adrenaline induced (each 5×10-7 M) PA were tested in a 2-channel rheoaggregometer simultaneously on platelet rich plasma (PRP) samples prepared from blood anticoagulated with 5 U heparin/ml or 11 mM citrate. ADP and adrenaline induced PA were tested 90 and 60 min after blood withdrawal respectively. Spontaneous PA was tested 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min after blood withdrawal.  RR was assessed by measuring β-thromboglobulin (β-TG) release from gel filtered platelets, incubated for 30 min with varying doses of heparin (1,5,50 U/ml) or citrate (5,11,22 mM). Strict isothermia of 37°C was kept during all steps of the experimental procedure.  We found that:1. Adrenaline and ADP induced aggregation were significantly higher in heparinized than in citrated PRP.2. Spontaneous PA in heparinized PRP too was higher than in citrated PRP during the interval looked upon.3. Heparin added to gel filtered platelets enhanced, whereas citrate lowered β-TG release as compared to controls.From our results we conclude that the differences in the behaviour of heparinized and citrated PRP are not only due to an effect of heparin itself, but also to the difference in calcium levels

The Influence Of Anticoagulants Upon The Results Of Platelet Function Tests: Aggregation (PA) And Release Reaction(RR)