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The influence of dietary fats on plasma, platelet lipid composition and platelet behavior was studied in subjects from 3 countries with different mortality rates from coronary heart disease. Sixty male farmers, age 40-45, from Finland, Italy and the USA were selected. The Finnish diet was the highest in saturated fats and the American in poly-unsat. fats. The Italian diet was the lowest in sat. fats, but 14-fold higher than the other diets in its alcohol content. Plasma cholesterol levels were highest in the Finns (241g%), lowest in the Americans (191g%), and intermediate in the Italians (213g%). Plasma phospholipid (PI) level was high in the Italians and Finns but low in Americans(p&lt; 0.001). Analysis of platelet-phospholipids showed that phosphatidylethanolamine was highest in the Finns, phosphatidylcholine was lowest in the Americans, and phosphatidylserine did not differ among the groups. Sphingomyelin and phosphatidylinositol (PI) were low in platelets of the Finns. However, the content of linoleic acid was highest in the platelet-PI fraction from the Finns. Fatty acid composition of plasma and platelet-PL generally reflected that of the diets. Platelets from the Finns were hyperreactive to epinephrine and thrombin in comparison with the other groups (p&lt;0.001). Platelets from the 3 groups produced similar amounts of thromboxanes from 14C-arachidonic acid, but those of the Finns generated more lypoxygenase derivatives. The latter products may suppress PGI2 production by the vessel wall rendering the platelets more susceptible to aggregation in vivo. Our data show that a diet rich in sat. fats is associated with changes in platelet-lipid composition and platelet behavior. Taken together, these abnormalities cannot be ignored as potential contributing factors to the excessive morbidity and mortality by coronary heart disease found in the Finnish population.

Platelets, Dietary Fats, And Thrombosis. International Pilot Epidemiological Study In Thrombosis