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Deep brain stimulation is a surgical treatment that has provided remarkable therapeutic benefits for otherwise treatment-resistant movement and affective disorders, including advanced Parkinson disease. Levodopa medications are usually discontinued the night before surgery to localize the optimal response site to intraoperative macrostimulation. However, abrupt withdrawal of medication may result in severe side effects. On the present report, we describe the case of a 65 years-old man that evolved parkinsonism-hyperpyrexia syndrome following deep brain stimulation procedure for bilateral subthalamic nucleus after discontinuation of antiparkinsonian medications. Physicians should be aware of this lifethreatening clinical conditions, once early diagnosis and reintroduction of medication improve patient’s clinical condition significantly.

Parkinsonism-hyperpyrexia syndrome after bilateral deep brain stimulation surgery: case report in a Brazilian man