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Issues related to the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) have become a major force in health care during the last decade. Although prevention of T2D is almost a matter of course today, the situation was very different only 25 years ago, that is, no serious attempts for T2D prevention existed back then [1]. Yet, diabetes has been one of the best-known chronic diseases during the past 4000 years. Nowadays, while epidemiological transition has resulted in a dramatically improved life expectancy, in particular in developed countries, the prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases including T2D has exploded. Previously, daily life activities and the absence of motored transportation ensured the correct energy balance and physical fitness that also guaranteed good metabolic health. This was the situation still about 50 years ago. In addition, due to limited food supply in general, excessive energy intake was uncommon for most people. Therefore, obesity was not a major public health problem until recently. The modern “era of obesity and physical inactivity” really emerged with full might around the 1970s. Every epidemic has its roots. Accordingly, every mass epidemic must be tackled with mass interventions. T2D has its origins in a complex interplay between social, behavioural, genetic, and metabolic factors. These are not easy to control. Nevertheless, the history of public health has a plethora of examples to demonstrate how preventive measures can lead to the reduction of common diseases and their consequences. While today the news headlines manifestly report that some individuals have died from avian or swine flu, deaths due to diabetes that occur every 10 seconds worldwide do not reach the threshold of news coverage. It may not be possible to eradicate chronic noncommunicable diseases, but their burden can be reduced dramatically. Good examples are coronary heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, etc. From

Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes is Advancing towards the Mature Stage in Europe