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Purpose Continuous wave Doppler ultrasound is routinely used to detectcardiac valve stenoses. Vector flow imaging (VFI) is an angle-independentreal-time ultrasound method that can quantify flow complexity. We aimed toevaluate if quantification of flow complexity could reliably assess valvularstenosis in pediatric patients.  Materials and Methods Nine pediatric patients with echocardiographicallyconfirmed valvular stenosis were included in the study. VFI and Dopplermeasurements were compared with transvalvular peak-to-peak pressure differencesderived from invasive endovascular catheterization.  Results Vector concentration correlated with the catheter measurementsbefore intervention after exclusion of one outlier (r=−0.83,p=0.01), whereas the Doppler method did not (r=0.49,p=0.22). The change in vector concentration after interventioncorrelated strongly with the change in the measured catheter pressure difference(r=−0.86, p=0.003), while Doppler showed a tendency fora moderate correlation (r=0.63, p=0.07).  Conclusion Transthoracic flow complexity quantification calculated fromVFI data is feasible and may be useful for assessing valvular stenosis severityin pediatric patients.

Transthoracic Vector Flow Imaging in Pediatric Patients with Valvular Stenosis – A Proof of Concept Study