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Purpose Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS)for the treatment of primary venous disease is proven, but the main applicationfield of UGFS remains the treatment of recurrent varicose veins (RVV). The aimof this study is to determine the extent to which this treatment indication isevidence-based.  Methods In PubMed and other publicly accessible databases, literature wasreviewed until June 2018 and checked for relevance. The focus was on resultswith regard to anatomical success as well as clinical success and perception bypatients.  Results Several observational studies comprised a subgroup of RVVpatients, but systematic stratification for RVV patients were only rarelyperformed. In most of these studies including the few reports specificallyinvestigating RVV patients anatomical success as the primary outcome measurerevealed similar results compared to primary interventions and favourableresults in patients with neovascularization. Data on clinical outcome andpatient perception were inconclusive due to low study numbers and insufficientstratification. Complications in RVV patients were rare.  Conclusion Although the advantages inherent to the UGFS principle providea strong rationale that this method best meets the requirements of the specificRVV characteristics, concept and previous observations should be supported bymore evidence. Systematic studies in RVV patients with sufficient sample sizeare required.

Evidence of Foam Sclerotherapy in the Treatment of Recurrent Varicose Veins