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The Yenisey River belongs to one of the main Siberian water systems flowing into the Arctic basin. Technogenic radionuclides have entered this system due to activities at the Krasnoyarsk Mining and Chemical Combine (KMCC), situated approximately 40km downstream from the city of Krasnoyarsk (Zheleznogorsk), which began operations in August of 1958 (start-up of thefirst straight-through reactor, a second reactor was operated from 1961). In the period of 1958 to 1992 the river channel and flood plain were exposed to contamination at great distances downstream from the waste discharge point. Various long-lived radionuclides were measured in the environment such as 137 Cs, 60 Co, 152 Eu, 154 Eu with half-lives of 30.2, 5.3, 13.3 and 8.6 years correspondingly. Both reactors were decommissioned in 1992 and since then radionuclide discharges to the river have decreased by several tens of times. The first information about the considerable radionuclide contamination of the Yenisey River for a reach extending to approximately 2000km downstream of Krasnoyarsk and detected up to the entry of the river into the Arctic basin was obtained in the early 1970-ies [1] but these data were not available for the wider scientific community. Detailed radioecological studies of the Yenisey contamination started in the 1990-ies. The purpose of this study, performed within two international projects STREAM and ESTABLISH, was to investigate patterns of and environmental factors affecting the distribution of anthropogenic radionuclides in flood plain landscapes of the Yenisey River at different distances from the discharge point of the Krasnoyarsk Mining and Chemical Combine down to the estuarine zone. The study area included islands in the mid reaches of the Yenisey River and locations within the estuary. A variable pattern of distribution and local accumulation of long-lived radionuclides in floodplain landscapes was observed that appeared to be strongly dependent upon landscape- and hydrological factors.

Peculiarities of distribution of anthropogenic radionuclides in soils and soil fractions of conjugated floodplain landscapes of the Yenisey River