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The consequences of a severe nuclear accident on the agricultural environment, releasing 137 Cs and 90 Sr-enriched aerosols, have been studied within an original lysimetric facility driven in controlled conditions. Focal point of a research scope widely open to European collaborations, this facility has hosted several scientific programmes spread over about a decade (RESSAC and PEACE, notably), the principal achievements of which are provided in the form of a synthetic overview. After a brief reminder of the historical context strongly challenged by the Chernobyl accident within which this project has evolved, the originality of the instrumental set up used for simulating a nuclear accident at a small scale is presented. The addressed scientific aspects concern the clarification of radioecological mechanisms governing the behaviour of these two radionuclides in the soil-plant system. A particular focus is placed on foliar transfers and the resulting translocation, soil in-depth migration, chemical composition of the soil interstitial water, the influence of the later on root absorption which determines the soil-to-plant transfer, all aspects being stressed over a representative spectrum of plants, soil and climates. Based on a strategy of synergy between experiments and modelling developments, the achievements obtained are used to improve the predictive radioprotection tools.

radioprotection

Controlled lysimetric simulation of accidents giving rise to radioactive pollution of the agricultural environment: Synthetic overview of research carried out at IPSN