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Background : In rural areas of Espírito Santo state, southeast Brazil, triatomine species attracted by light frequently invade residences. The aim of this study was to investigate the  Trypanosoma cruzi  discrete typing units (DTUs) harbored by these triatomines.  Methods : Triatomine’s intestinal contents were examined, inoculated in mice, and the positive samples were cultivated. Flagellates obtained from infected mice hemoculture were submitted to DNA extraction using a salting-out method and to TcSC5D gene amplification. The amplified samples were sequenced, and polymorphism was analyzed for DTU identification.  Results : Three hundred and ninety-four triatomines were identified:  Triatoma vitticeps  (90.03%),  Panstrongylus geniculatus  (8.89%),  Panstrongylus megistus  (0.54%),  Panstrongylus diasi  (0.27%), and  Triatoma tibiamaculata  (0.27%). Among the specimens, 251/394 (67.65%) presented flagellated forms similar to  T. cruzi . After triatomine intestinal content inoculation into mice, 134 mice presented  T. cruzi -like trypomastigotes from  Tr. vitticeps  and  P. geniculatus  and 89 samples were positive in hemoculture. Sixty-two samples were analyzed for the TcSC5D gene and TcI, TcII, TcIII, and TcIV DTUs were identified.  Conclusions : We observed  T. cruzi  DTU diversity in  Tr. vitticeps  and  P. geniculatus , which showed the predominance of TcII and occurrence of TcI, TcIII and TcIV. Triatomines presented high  T. cruzi  infection rates. Since little is known regarding the possible mammalian hosts that maintain the  T. cruzi  cycle, further studies are necessary to obtain a better understanding of the parasite transmission cycle in this region.

parasite

Molecular characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi samples derived from Triatoma vitticeps and Panstrongylus geniculatus of the Atlantic rainforest, southeast Brazil