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During a survey on the myxosporean fauna of Rajiformes from the Atlantic coast of Argentina, in waters off Buenos Aires Province (34°–42°S; 53°–62°W), the gall bladders of 217 specimens belonging to seven species of skates, representatives of two families, were examined. As a result, three species of  Chloromyxum  Mingazzini, 1890, namely  C. atlantoraji  n. sp.,  C. zearaji  n. sp. and  C. riorajum  Azevedo, Casal, Garcia, Matos, Teles-Grilo and Matos, 2009 were found infecting three endemic host species, the spotback skate  Atlantoraja castelnaui  (Arhynchobatidae), the yellownose skate  Zearaja chilensis  (Rajidae) and the Rio skate  Rioraja agassizii  (Arhynchobatidae), respectively. These species were described based on myxospore morphology and morphometry characterization, as well as by providing their small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequences. The SSU rDNA-based phylogenetic analyses showed that these three species constituted a well-established monophyletic subclade within the marine  Chloromyxum  clade, while branches subtending the other  Chloromyxum  species were poorly resolved or unresolved, independently of the host taxonomic identities (Carchariniformes, Myliobatiformes, Orectolobiformes, Pristiophoriformes, Rajiformes, Squaliformes and Torpediniformes) and/or host geographic distribution (Atlantic coast of Portugal, Atlantic coast of the USA, Australian waters or Mediterranean Sea). The possible causes of these discrepancies are discussed, providing new insights into the phylogeny of the marine  Chloromyxum  clade.

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The description of two new species of <i>Chloromyxum</i> from skates in the Argentine Sea reveals that a limited geographic host distribution causes phylogenetic lineage separation of myxozoans in Chondrichthyes

The description of two new species of Chloromyxum from skates in the Argentine Sea reveals that a limited geographic host distribution causes phylogenetic lineage separation of myxozoans in Chondrichthyes