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The aim of this study was to provide information on trypanosome species infecting trypanotolerant cattle from southern Gabon. The study was conducted on 224 trypanotolerant cattle from three regions located in southern Gabon, using  ITS1  primer-based PCR. Seventy-two (32%) N’dama cattle were found polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive with trypanosomes. The overall prevalence of trypanosomosis was 57% (63/110), 4% (4/100), and 36% (5/14) in the Gala section of the Nyanga ranch, the Miyama ranch, and Ossiele, respectively.  Trypanosoma congolense  and  Trypanosoma vivax  were identified. In Gala section and Ossiele,  T. congolense  and  T. vivax  were found. In the Miyama ranch, only  T. vivax  was identified. Mixed infections were also found. The  forest  (9%) and  savannah  (63%) subgroups of  T. congolense  were identified. The presence of the two subgroups was detected in 16 out of 56 cattle (29%).  T. congolense  and  T. vivax  would appear to be the main agents responsible for bovine trypanosomosis in southern Gabon. Although trypanotolerant, N’dama cattle may serve as a reservoir, and this should be further studied. On the other hand, these trypanotolerant cattle can be reared in such tsetse infested areas, which gives them an advantage compared to other trypanosensitive breeds, and this shows that they represent a key factor in biodiversity which has to be promoted.

Molecular identification of trypanosome species in trypanotolerant cattle from the south of Gabon