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Experimental infections of  Galba truncatula  (two populations) with  Fasciola hepatica  or  Paramphistomum daubneyi  were carried out to study the effect of water temperature changes (3 h at a mean of 12 °C every week) on cercarial shedding during the patent period. The results were compared with those of control snails infected according to the same protocol and always maintained at 20 °C. Compared to controls, a significant increase in the number of cercariae-shedding snails, a significantly longer patent period and significantly greater cercarial production were noted in temperature-challenged snails, regardless of the type of digenean infection. In contrast, the number of incompletely formed metacercariae was significantly higher in temperature-challenged snails than in controls. Incompletely formed metacercariae of  F. hepatica  consisted of cysts whose colour remained whitish after shedding (25.4% for temperature-challenged snails) or whose dome was flattened after encystment (74.6%). Those of  P. daubneyi  were totally dark brown or blackish after formation. These incomplete metacercariae might originate from young differentiating cercariae within the snail body ( F. hepatica ) or from cercariae which died just after encystment ( P. daubneyi ). The use of regular temperature changes for snails infected with  F. hepatica  or  P. daubneyi  must be monitored carefully during collection of metacercariae to select completely formed cysts for infecting definitive hosts.

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Consequence of temperature changes on cercarial shedding fromGalba truncatulainfected withFasciola hepaticaorParamphistomum daubneyi