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The relationships between the craniofacial structures at the base of the skull are modified during ontogenesis and phylogenesis. The scientific community is in agreement regarding the major role that the skull base has in the hominization and the etiopathology of maxillofacial dysmorphia.Comparing ancient fossils to current populations, the origin and interpretations of the various skull base morphologies, more specifically the sphenoidal angle, are complicated. Therefore, different hypotheses are advanced. Most compare them to the larger characteristics of human evolution. In this article, they are presented as to how each author developed their respective hypotheses.The knowledge of these hypotheses helps in the comprehension of the evolutionary mechanisms of basal craniofacial configurations of modern man.

Variations in skull base morphology during phylogenesis and different hypotheses