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In metrology, the vector network analyzer replaced the compensated reflectometer as broadband system, measuring the adaptation into account the complex nature and sources of error are not minimized, but simply determined and corrected by appropriate calibration procedures. The calibration procedure is based on the subsequent measurement of known components. In order to check the validity of a calibration, the user should measure the so-called verification components (lines for reflection, and attenuators for transmission) calibrated in a national metrology laboratory (NML) and thus guarantees the traceability of its measures. This article describes a method of primary calibration parameters based on S dimensional contact-less measurements of different types of coaxial air line (50 ohms and 25 ohms). In this method, we determine the characteristic impedance of the air line and the S parameters regardless of the frequency range. The uncertainty of the various measurands is derived from the uncertainty of measurements by a method of numerical calculation. There is thus provided, in France, a solution for the traceability of vector network analyzers.

Métrologie des paramètres S : vers une meilleure traçabilité des analyseurs de réseaux vectoriels en France