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Based on the case Nanjing Metro Line 4, the method Principal Component Analysis (PCA) wasused to study the influence of ground settlement by shield tunnel construction on different geomorphologyunits. Correlation analysis and weighted least square method (WLS) were applied for variables selection andto obtain their relationship with settlement. 5-7 principal components could be used to present the initial 19-21 variables after decreasing the dimensions of data. For the floodplain of Yangtze River, variable parametersthat highly linearly dependent on settlement were depth of tunnel, distance between the roof of tunnel and thebottom of soft soil layer, thickness of soft soil, compression modulus of soil that tunnel passed through andspeed of the cutter head. For the Qinhuai ancient channel, variable parameters were Poisson's ratio, porosities,moisture content, unit weight, cohesion, internal friction angle, compression modulus of soil that tunnelpassed through, advancing speed, earth chamber pressure. For the terrace of Yangtze River, variableparameters were cohesion, porosities, moisture content, Poisson's ratio, compression modulus and unit weightof soil. In addition, for the geomorphology unit with col landform, variable parameters were different.Residuals of regression formula are small, which will have certain reference value in practical engineering.

Factors Influencing Ground Settlements on Different Geomorphology Units Based on Principal Component Analysis