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In many European countries it is a requirement to carry out large-scale tests using full-scale test rigs to evaluate the fire performance of external wall cladding systems. The reason for this is that the laboratory test methods (e.g. those according to EN 13501-1 or national standards) used for the classification of the reaction to fire performance of building materials are unsuitable for a realistic simulation of the fire performance of external wall cladding systems. The following reasons can be named: – Sample measurements are too low – Fire conditions are too low compared to the effect of fire on a facade due to flames venting from the window of a room with a fully developed fire – Limited reproduction of facade structures that may promote the spread of fire, such as the suction effect in the air space of ventilated external wall cladding – No ability to consider detailed formations, such as those around jambs in external wall openings or base finishings – No ability to consider structural fire safety measures. For these reasons it was discussed, shortly after the introduction of the European classification system for the reaction to fire performance of building materials in 2002, to include an additional test method for external wall cladding systems. The Fire Regulators Group (FRG), which advises the European Commission (EC) on fire safety matters, even created a working group to deal with this. Its mission was to create an appropriate standardisation mandate for CEN. After intensive preparations it presented the draft mandate in autumn 2004 [1], which contained the key points for the test standard to be developed by CEN. In addition to this work in the FRG, detailed justifications explaining why such a full-scale test method was necessary for the evaluation of the fire performance of external wall cladding systems were submitted to the services of the European Commission by several Member StateMember States of the EU. Despite this, the EC decided in autumn 2005 not to issue this standardisation mandate. The reason was submitted to the Standing Committee on Construction at the EC in the document CONSTRUCT 05/716rev.1 [2]. However, since the European Organisation for Technical Assessment (EOTA) published or was working on a series of guidelines for the granting of European Technical Approvals (ETA) for construction kits for the fabrication of external wall cladding systems at the time, EOTA received through [2] the task of developing a suitable test method for these products. For this purpose a small working group of representatives from different European approval bodies was formed.

Mechanism of fire spread on facades and the new Technical Report of EOTA “Large-scale fire performance testing of external wall cladding systems”