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The impoundment of the Nam Theun 2 (NT2) Reservoir on the Nakai Plateau resulted in the creation of a 489 km 2 reservoir at its full supply level. This inundation has generated a modification of the environment e.g. in terms of geomorphology especially for the wetlands and terrestrial ecosystems. Wildlife population including six species of fresh water turtles and tortoises has been expected to be affected by the NT2 Reservoir impoundment. In order to avoid an excessive loss of these populations, a turtle conservation programme (rescue, relocation, and monitoring programmes) was conducted with two distinct phases (i) the first phase started before the reservoir impoundment (January 2008) and ended after the reservoir reached its full supply level (January 2009) and (ii) the second phase (monitoring only) was conducted from August 2008 to January 2009 and from November to December 2009. A total of 490 individuals belonging to four freshwater turtle species and three terrestrial species were rescued and relocated into different selected habitats above the full supply level. This number of rescued individuals exceeded the objectives of the rescue and relocation programme. The monitoring programme’s results focused particularly on nine individuals belonging to the elongated tortoise species ( Indotestudo elongata) . Results showed all nine observed elongated tortoises were successfully surviving. However their annual survival rate declined from 100% during the first phase of the programme to 47% after the two monitoring phases. This annual apparent survival rate was outside the range of the natural annual survival rate of this species (88% to 96%). However, the programme found that this sharp decline might be caused by either an error of transmitters attached on individuals or external threats from poaching. This hypothesis was supported by the fact that the four individuals re-tracked showed good sign of population establishment ( e.g. normal increase in body weight).

Rescue and relocation programme of turtles and tortoises and elongated tortoise monitoring programme in the Nam Theun 2 Reservoir (Laos)