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A removable device allowing the in situ fracture monitoring through the realization of simultaneous measurements of pressure and mechanical displacement was developed. Measurements are carried out using fiber optic sensors that prove to be of one order of magnitude more accurate than conventional measurements with vibrating wire sensors. The higher frequency of measurements (120 Hz) makes it possible to record with much more accuracy the temporal variations of the measured parameters. This device was used at the Coaraze Laboratory site, a small calcareous fractured rock mass located in southerneast France. The experiments consisted in injection and pumping of water volumes (while controlling the hydraulic pressure or the flowrate) at the intersection between a horizontal borehole and the studied fault. The instrumental device proved to be relevant to in situ characterize the fracture hydromechanical behavior. Numerical simulations made possible to correctly reproduce the in situ experiments and to determine the hydraulic and mechanical characteristics of the fractures (normal stiffness, hydraulic aperture).

Caractérisation hydromécanique des fractures in situ par une nouvelle sonde d’auscultation et des simulations numériques 3D