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Experiments using nuclei to probe new physics beyond the Standard Model, suchas neutrinoless $\beta\beta$ decay searches testing whether neutrinos are theirown antiparticle, and direct detection experiments aiming to identify thenature of dark matter, require accurate nuclear physics input for optimizingtheir discovery potential and for a correct interpretation of their results.This demands a detailed knowledge of the nuclear structure relevant for theseprocesses. For instance, neutrinoless $\beta\beta$ decay nuclear matrixelements are very sensitive to the nuclear correlations in the initial andfinal nuclei, and the spin-dependent nuclear structure factors of dark matterscattering depend on the subtle distribution of the nuclear spin among allnucleons. In addition, nucleons are composite and strongly interacting, whichimplies that many-nucleon processes are necessary for a correct description ofnuclei and their interactions. It is thus crucial that theoretical studies andexperimental analyses consider $\beta$ decays and dark matter interactions witha coupling to two nucleons, called two-nucleon currents.

Nuclear physics insights for new-physics searches using nuclei: Neutrinoless $\beta\beta$ decay and dark matter direct detection