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In this article, the thermomagnetic properties of a system of Ga-substitutedbarium hexaferrite nanoparticles ( ) prepared by ball milling wereinvestigated. The thermomagnetic curves for the samples with x ranging from 0.0to 1.0 exhibited sharp peaks with high magnetization just below TC (Hopkinsonpeaks). The height of the peak for our samples was similar or larger thanpreviously observed or calculated values. Theoretical treatment of theexperimental data demonstrated that the peaks are due to the effect ofsuperparamagnetic relaxations of the magnetic particle. This effect wasconfirmed by hysteresis measurements at, and just below the temperature atwhich the peak occurred. Consequently, the particle diameters were calculatedfrom the experimental data using a theoretical model based on thesuperparamagnetic behavior of a system of uniaxial, randomly oriented, singledomain, non-interacting particles. The calculated diameters of 11 - 26 nm areless than the physical diameters determined from TEM measurements. The factorsresponsible for the low calculated values are discussed.

Hopkinson peak and superparamagnetic effects in BaFe$_{12-x}$Ga$_x$O$_{19}$ nanoparticles