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Exotic microstructures can be tailored by extreme conditions with combined material processing techniques for desirable properties. In this work, an innovative 2-staged process was explored for WC-10Co cemented carbide surface modification. Firstly, rapid thermal cycles were induced by high current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) irradiation at energy density of 6 J/cm 2 , during which the micro-WC/Co was melted and re-solidified into a nano-scaled equiaxed grain microstructure with metastable fcc-WC 1-x  as the majority phase in the surface layer (~2 μm). Thereafter, a subsequent tempering process was applied to the HCPEB-irradiated cemented carbide specimens and the nano equiaxed grains in the surface layer were gradually transferred into nano-scaled fibrous microstructure. Phase transformation was investigated using thermo-gravimetric analysis differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). Analysis showed that the fibrous nano structure resulted from the decomposition of WC 1-x  at 600-700 ºC via fcc-WC 1-x  → hex-WC + hcp-W 2 C. After the 2-staged process, the surface microhardness was greatly improved.

Fibrous nano composite reinforced surface on WC-Co cemented carbide achieved by pulsed electron beam irradiation and subsequent tempering