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This paper empirically investigates the impact of the impact of “Belt &amp; Road” initiative on total factor productivity (TFP) in provinces along the route. The DEA-Malmquist method is used to calculate TFP. Utilizing a quasi-natural experimental design, this paper finds that the “Belt &amp; Road” Initiative has a significant positive effect on TFP in provinces along the route. The influencing mechanism is found to be increased foreign direct investment (FDI). Based on this, the paper suggests that China should further open up. Meanwhile, provinces along the route should improve infrastructure and attract more FDI. The governments should constantly enhance technological innovation.

Does the “Belt & Road” Initiative Promote Total Factor Productivity in Provinces along the Route?