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A constitutive model for unsaturated expansive soil based on the crystal surface phenomena is proposed. The behavior of the proposed model is described as a double structure, with the soil skeleton and the interlaminar behaviors. The soil skeleton behavior is modeled by the Cam clay type model based on the Bishop’s effective stress, which can consider the degree of saturation-induced hardening and inelastic behavior in the over-consolidated region and is capable of describing hydraulic collapse. On the other hand, the interlaminar behavior is give as a result of the interlaminar equilibrium of clay minerals. The diffusion double layer repulsive force in the interlaminar equilibrium varies with the degree of saturation, and it mainly causes the hydraulic swelling of expansive soil. The performance of the model is validated through the simulations of the suction-controlled oedometer tests on the heavily compacted bentonite.

Constitutive model describing the hydro-mechanical behaviors of compacted bentonite clay based on the crystal surface phenomena