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In this paper, the Discrete Element Method is used to study the effect of capillary forces, in equilibrium with the ambient relative humidity, on the response of irregular arrangements of equal-sized spheres, simulating a fine uniformly graded quartz sand. The effect on the isotropic compression was investigated by applying an increase in total stress under constant relative humidity (wet and dry) and drying under different constant total stress values. The effect of the capillary forces on the shear strength was evidenced by the simulation of the instability of a cylindrical sand column due to drying.

DEM analysis of some effects due to capillary forces in sands