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Establishing optimal technological and design parameters of tillage tools is essential for ensuring tillage quality and lowest possible energy consumption by the tillage process. For simple plane soil looseners, used on the majority of tillage machines, this task is successfully achieved. In the meanwhile, significant proportion of tillage machines has relatively complex tools, which combine translational motion of the tool with rotation around its axis. This article studies the process of soil interaction with a screw conical subsoiler mounted on bearings. The subsoiler can freely rotate around its axis. The surface of the subsoiler is described by the screw surface equation bounded by a circular cone. External action on the subsoiler body is a resultant of normal and tangential forces applied to screw surface and friction force in the bearings. Theoretical dependencies have been obtained which determine the resultant force of soil on the screw surface of the subsoiler. This force is composed of the sliding friction force and the force appearing due to frontal soil flow after destruction of soil structural cohesion. The article also gives results of numerical calculations. The obtained dependencies allow studying the influence of technological and design parameters of the screw tool on the tillage process and substantiate parameters’ optimal values.

Study of the influence of the oncoming flow of soil on the screw surface of a subsoiler