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mdash; Previous studies have found iron-containing granules in fat cells of adult worker honeybees. By using different preparation techniques, we collected additional data on their occurrence, origin, formation, relative composition and possible function. In addition to fat cells, we found the same type of iron-rich granules in columnar cells of the midgut; in both cell types they are formed within the cisternae of the rough endoplasmatic reticulum. In the midgut their occurrence is limited to the period of pollen nutrition; during that period the reticulum forming the granules is arranged in a fingerprint design. Energy-dispersive X-ray analyses of air-dried granule preparations show that, apart from Fe, P and some Ca and K which could be demonstrated on thin sections, Na, Mg, S, Cl, Mn and Zn are always present. All our results suggest that their function is similar to that of other mineralized granules, i.e. storage of surplus ions and toxic metals; in support of this is the fact that perorally administered Pb is accumulated in the iron rich granules as well as in the spherocrystals.

Membrane-bound iron-rich granules in fat cells and midgut cells of the adult honeybee (Apis mellifera L.)