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Two field experiments with a commercial pollen supplement provide information on possible relationships between pollen, broodrearing and consumption of the supplement. When colonies were provided with the supplement continuously for one year, the results showed that broodrearing was initiated and maintained by pollen, and that consumption of the supplement varied in direct relationship to the rate of broodrearing. In a second experiment, colonies on a nectar flow, but virtually devoid of pollen, did not consume the pollen supplement, and reared larvae from less than 20 % of eggs laid. When an extract of pollen was added to the supplement, the bees consumed it readily, and eventually reared larvae from 91 % of eggs laid. The extract of pollen induced the bees to eat the supplement and the author suggests that this caused their hypopharyngeal glands to become active so that they could feed more newly emerged larvae. The author also suggests the presence of a chemical or chemicals in pollen which may serve as a trigger to activate the hypopharyngeal glands and that bees secreting larval food would then feed on supplements that do not contain the primary phagostimulants that are contained in pollen.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN POLLEN, BROODREARING AND CONSUMPTION OF POLLEN SUPPLEMENTS BY HONEYBEES