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Context. Several bright emission line regions have been observed in thecentral 100 parsecs of the active galaxy NGC 1068. Aims. We aim to determinethe properties and ionization mechanism of three regions of NGC 1068: thenucleus (B) and two clouds located at 0.3" and 0.7" north of it (C and D).Methods. We combined SPHERE (0.95 - 1.65 um) and SINFONI (1.5 - 2.45 um)spectra for the three regions B, C, and D. We compared these spectra to severalCLOUDY photoionization models and to the MAPPINGS III Library of Fast RadiativeShock Models. Results. The emission line spectra of the three regions arealmost identical to each other and contribute to most of the emission line fluxin the nuclear region. The emitting media contain multiple phases, the mostluminous of which have temperatures ranging from 104.8 K to 106 K. Centralphotoionization models can reproduce some features of the spectra, but the fastradiative shock model provides the best fit to the data. Conclusions. Thesimilarity between the three regions indicates that they belong to the sameclass of objects. Based on our comparisons, we conclude that they are shockregions located where the jet of the active galactic nucleus impacts massivemolecular clouds.

Ionized regions in the central arcsecond of NGC 1068. YJHK spatially resolved spectroscopy