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We present a spectroscopic analysis of the GIRAFFE and UVES data collected bythe Gaia-ESO survey for the young open cluster NGC 3293. Archive spectra fromthe same instruments obtained in the framework of the `VLT-FLAMES survey ofmassive stars' are also analysed. Atmospheric parameters, non-LTE chemicalabundances for six elements, or variability information are reported for atotal of about 160 B stars spanning a wide range in terms of spectral types (B1to B9.5) and rotation rate (up to 350 km/s). We take advantage of themulti-epoch observations to detect several binary systems or intrinsicallyline-profile variables. A deconvolution algorithm is used to infer the current,true (deprojected) rotational velocity distribution. We find a broad,Gaussian-like distribution peaking around 200-250 km/s. Although some starspopulate the high-velocity tail, most stars in the cluster appear to rotate farfrom critical. We discuss the chemical properties of the cluster, including thelow occurrence of abundance peculiarities in the late B stars and the paucityof objects showing CN-cycle burning products at their surface. We argue thatthe former result can largely be explained by the inhibition of diffusioneffects because of fast rotation, while the latter is generally in accord withthe predictions of single-star evolutionary models under the assumption of awide range of initial spin rates at the onset of main-sequence evolution.However, we find some evidence for a less efficient mixing in two quite rapidlyrotating stars that are among the most massive objects in our sample. Finally,we obtain a cluster age of ~20 Myrs through a detailed, star-to-star correctionof our results for the effect of stellar rotation. This is significantly olderthan previous estimates from turn-off fitting that fully relied on classical,non-rotating isochrones. [abridged]

The Gaia-ESO survey: A spectroscopic study of the young open cluster NGC 3293