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The chemo-physical parametrisation of stellar spectra is essential forunderstanding the nature and evolution of stars and of Galactic stellarpopulations. Gaia DR3 contains the parametrisation of RVS data performed by theGeneral Stellar Parametriser-spectroscopy, module. Here we describe theparametrisation of the first 34 months of RVS observations. GSP-spec estimatesthe chemo-physical parameters from combined RVS spectra of single stars. Themain analysis workflow described here, MatisseGauguin, is based on projectionand optimisation methods and provides the stellar atmospheric parameters; theindividual chemical abundances of N, Mg, Si, S, Ca, Ti, Cr, FeI, FeII, Ni, Zr,Ce and Nd; the differential equivalent width of a cyanogen line; and theparameters of a DIB feature. Another workflow, based on an artificial neuralnetwork, provides a second set of atmospheric parameters that are useful forclassification control. We implement a detailed quality flag chain consideringdifferent error sources. With about 5.6 million stars, the Gaia DR3 GSP-specall-sky catalogue is the largest compilation of stellar chemo-physicalparameters ever published and the first one from space data. Internal andexternal biases have been studied taking into account the implemented flags. Insome cases, simple calibrations with low degree polynomials are suggested. Thehomogeneity and quality of the estimated parameters enables chemo-dynamicalstudies of Galactic stellar populations, interstellar extinction studies fromindividual spectra, and clear constraints on stellar evolution models. Wehighly recommend that users adopt the provided quality flags for scientificexploitation . The Gaia DR3 GSP-spec catalogue is a major step in thescientific exploration of Milky Way stellar populations, confirming the Gaiapromise of a new Galactic vision (abridged).

Gaia Data Release 3: Analysis of RVS spectra using the General Stellar Parametriser from spectroscopy