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In 2020 the European Space Agency selected Ariel as the next mission to jointhe space fleet of observatories to study planets outside our Solar System.Ariel will be devoted to the characterisation of a thousand planetaryatmospheres, for understanding what exoplanets are made of, how they formed andhow they evolve. To achieve the last two goals all planets need to be studiedwithin the context of their own host stars, which in turn have to be analysedwith the same technique, in a uniform way. We present the spectro-photometricmethod we have developed to infer the atmospheric parameters of the known hoststars in the Tier 1 of the Ariel Reference Sample. Our method is based on aniterative approach, which combines spectral analysis, the determination of thesurface gravity from {\em Gaia} data, and the determination of stellar massesfrom isochrone fitting. We validated our approach with the analysis of acontrol sample, composed by members of three open clusters with well-known agesand metallicities. We measured effective temperature, Teff, surface gravity,logg, and the metallicity, [Fe/H], of 187 F-G-K stars within the ArielReference Sample. We presented the general properties of the sample, includingtheir kinematics which allows us to separate them between thin and thick discpopulations. A homogeneous determination of the parameters of the host stars isfundamental in the study of the stars themselves and their planetary systems.Our analysis systematically improves agreement with theoretical models anddecreases uncertainties in the mass estimate (from 0.21+/-0.30 to 0.10+/-0.02M_sun), providing useful data for the Ariel consortium and the astronomicalcommunity at large.

Ariel stellar characterisation: I -- homogeneous stellar parameters of 187 FGK planet host stars Description and validation of the method