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The tangential YORP effect is a radiation pressure torque produced byasymmetric thermal emission by structures on the asteroid surface. As suchstructures, previous works considered boulders of different shapes lying on thesurface of the asteroid.  We study the tangential YORP produced by the rough interface of theasteroid's regolith.  We create an approximate analytic theory of heat conduction on a slightlynon-flat sinusoidal surface. We analyze the published data on the small-scaleshape of the asteroid (162173) Ryugu and estimate its tangential YORP due tothe surface roughness.  We derive an analytic formula that expresses the TYORP of a sinusoidalsurface in terms of its geometric and thermal properties. TYORP is maximal atthe thermal parameter of the order of unity and for the shape irregularities ofthe order of the thermal wavelength. Application of this equation to Ryugupredicts TYORP, which is 5-70 times greater than its normal YORP effect.  The contribution of the small-scale regolith roughness to the YORP effect ofthe asteroid can be comparable to the normal YORP and the tangential YORPproduced by boulders. The same theory can describe roughness on the asteroidboulders, thus adding a new term to the previously considered TYORP created byboulders.

Analytic theory for the tangential YORP produced by the asteroid regolith