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Diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) are common interstellar absorption featuresin spectroscopic observations but their origins remain unclear. DIBs play animportant role in the life cycle of the interstellar medium (ISM) and can alsobe used to trace Galactic structure. Here, we demonstrate the capacity of theGaia-Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS) in Gaia DR3 to reveal the spatialdistribution of the unknown molecular species responsible for the mostprominent DIB at 862 nm in the RVS passband, exploring the Galactic ISM withina few kiloparsecs from the Sun. The DIBs are measured within the GSP-Specmodule using a Gaussian profile fit for cool stars and a Gaussian process forhot stars. In addition to the equivalent widths and their uncertainties, GaiaDR3 provides their characteristic central wavelength, width, and quality flags.We present an extensive sample of 476.117 individual DIB measurements obtainedin a homogeneous way covering the entire sky. We compare spatial distributionsof the DIB carrier with interstellar reddening and find evidence that DIBcarriers are present in a local bubble around the Sun which contains nearly nodust. We characterised the DIB equivalent width with a local density of $0.19\pm 0.04$ Angstr\"om/kpc and a scale height of $\rm 98.60_{-8.46}^{+11.10}$ pc.The latter is smaller than the dust scale height, indicating that DIBs are moreconcentrated towards the Galactic plane. We determine the rest-frame wavelengthwith unprecedented precision ($\rm \lambda_{0} = 8620.86\, \pm 0.019$Angstr\"om in air) and reveal a remarkable correspondence between the DIBvelocities and the CO gas velocities, suggesting that the 862 nm DIB carrier isrelated to macro-molecules.

Gaia Data Release 3: Exploring and mapping the diffuse interstellar band at 862 nm