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Using the CLASH-VLT survey, we assembled an unprecedented sample of 1234spectroscopically confirmed members in Abell~S1063, finding a dynamicallycomplex structure at z_cl=0.3457 with a velocity dispersion \sigma_v=1380 -32+26 km s^-1. We investigate cluster environmental and dynamical effects byanalysing the projected phase-space diagram and the orbits as a function ofgalaxy spectral properties. We classify cluster galaxies according to thepresence and strength of the [OII] emission line, the strength of the H$\delta$absorption line, and colours. We investigate the relationship between thespectral classes of galaxies and their position in the projected phase-spacediagram. We analyse separately red and blue galaxy orbits. By correlating theobserved positions and velocities with the projected phase-space constructedfrom simulations, we constrain the accretion redshift of galaxies withdifferent spectral types. Passive galaxies are mainly located in the virialisedregion, while emission-line galaxies are outside r_200, and are accreted laterinto the cluster. Emission-lines and post-starbursts show an asymmetricdistribution in projected phase-space within r_200, with the first beingprominent at Delta_v/sigma <~-1.5$, and the second at Delta_v/ sigma >~ 1.5,suggesting that backsplash galaxies lie at large positive velocities. We findthat low-mass passive galaxies are accreted in the cluster before the high-massones. This suggests that we observe as passives only the low-mass galaxiesaccreted early in the cluster as blue galaxies, that had the time to quenchtheir star formation. We also find that red galaxies move on more radial orbitsthan blue galaxies. This can be explained if infalling galaxies can remain bluemoving on tangential orbits.

CLASH-VLT: Abell~S1063. Cluster assembly history and spectroscopic catalogue