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This work aims to characterize precisely and systematically the non-thermalcharacteristics of the electron Velocity Distribution Function (eVDF) in thesolar wind at 1 au using data from the Wind spacecraft. We present acomprehensive statistical analysis of solar wind electrons at 1 au using theelectron analyzers of the 3D-Plasma instrument on board Wind. This work uses asophisticated algorithm developed to analyze and characterize separately thethree populations - core, halo and strahl - of the eVDF up to 2 keV. The eVDFdata are calibrated using independent electron parameters obtained from thequasi-thermal noise around the electron plasma frequency measured by theThermal Noise Receiver. The code determines the respective set of totalelectron, core, halo and strahl parameters through non-linear least-square fitsto the measured eVDF, taking properly into account spacecraft charging andother instrumental effects. We use four years, ~ 280000 independentmeasurements of core, halo and strahl parameters to investigate the statisticalproperties of these different populations in the solar wind. We discuss thedistributions of their respective densities, drift velocities, temperature, andtemperature anisotropies as functions of solar wind speed. We also showdistributions with solar wind speed of the total density, temperature,temperature anisotropy and heat flux, as well as those of the protontemperature, proton-to-electron temperature ratio, proton and electron beta.Intercorrelations between some of these parameters are also discussed. Thepresent dataset represents the largest, high-precision, collection of electronmeasurements in the pristine solar wind at 1~AU. It provides a new wealth ofinformation on electron microphysics. Its large volume will enable futurestatistical studies of parameter combinations and their dependencies underdifferent plasma conditions.

Precision Electron Measurements in the Solar Wind at 1 au from NASA's Wind Spacecraft