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We present the spectroscopic and photometric study of fiveintermediate-luminosity red transients (ILRTs), namely AT 2010dn, AT 2012jc, AT2013la, AT 2013lb, and AT 2018aes. They share common observational propertiesand belong to a family of objects similar to the prototypical ILRT SN~2008S.These events have a rise time that is less than 15 days and absolute peakmagnitudes of between $-11.5$ and $-14.5$ mag. Their pseudo-bolometric lightcurves peak in the range $0.5$ - $9.0 \times10^{40}~\mathrm{erg~s}^{-1}$ andtheir total radiated energies are on the order of (0.3 - 3)$\times$~10$^{47}$~erg. After maximum brightness, the light curves show amonotonic decline or a plateau, resembling those of faint supernovae IIL orIIP, respectively. At late phases, the light curves flatten, roughly followingthe slope of the $^{56}$Co decay. If the late-time power source is indeedradioactive decay, these transients produce $^{56}$Ni masses on the order of$10^{-4}$ to $10^{-3}$~\msun. The spectral energy distribution of our ILRTsample, extending from the optical to the mid-infrared (MIR) domain, reveals aclear IR excess soon after explosion and non-negligible MIR emission at verylate phases. The spectra show prominent H lines in emission with a typicalvelocity of a few hundred km~s$^{-1}$, along with Ca~II features. Inparticular, the [Ca~II] $\lambda$7291,7324 doublet is visible at all times,which is a characteristic feature for this family of transients. The identifiedprogenitor of SN~2008S, which is luminous in archival Spitzer MIR images,suggests an intermediate-mass precursor star embedded in a dusty cocoon. Wepropose the explosion of a super-asymptotic giant branch star forming anelectron-capture supernova as a plausible explanation for these events.

Intermediate-luminosity red transients: Spectrophotometric properties and connection to electron-capture supernova explosions