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Future ground-based telescopes, such as the 4-metre class facilities DKISTand EST, will dramatically improve on current capabilities for simultaneousmulti-line polarimetric observations in a wide range of wavelength bands, fromthe near-ultraviolet to the near-infrared. As a result, there will be anincreasing demand for fast diagnostic tools, i.e., inversion codes, that caninfer the physical properties of the solar atmosphere from the vast amount ofdata these observatories will produce. The advent of substantially largerapertures, with the concomitant increase in polarimetric sensitivity, willdrive an increased interest in observing chromospheric spectral lines.Accordingly, pertinent inversion codes will need to take account of lineformation under general non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) conditions.Several currently available codes can already accomplish this, but they have acommon practical limitation that impairs the speed at which they can invertpolarised spectra, namely that they employ numerical evaluation of theso-called response functions to changes in the atmospheric parameters, whichmakes them less suitable for the analysis of very large data volumes. Here wepresent DeSIRe (Departure coefficient aided Stokes Inversion based on Responsefunctions), an inversion code that integrates the well-known inversion code SIRwith the NLTE radiative transfer solver RH. The DeSIRe runtime benefits fromemploying analytical response functions computed in local thermodynamicequilibrium (through SIR), modified with fixed departure coefficients toincorporate NLTE effects in chromospheric spectral lines. This publicationdescribes the operating fundamentals of DeSIRe and describes its behaviour,robustness, stability, and speed. The code is ready to be used by the solarcommunity and is being made publicly available.

DeSIRe: Departure coefficient aided Stokes Inversion based on Response functions