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We report the discovery of a giant dust scattering ring around the Black Holetransient MAXI J1348-630 with SRG/eROSITA during its first X-ray all-skysurvey. During the discovery observation in February 2020 the ring had an outerdiameter of 1.3 deg, growing to 1.6 deg by the time of the second all skysurvey scan in August 2020. This makes the new dust ring the by far largestX-ray scattering ring observed so far. Dust scattering halos, in particular therings found around transient sources, offer the possibility of precise distancemeasurements towards the original X-ray sources. We combine data fromSRG/eROSITA, XMM-Newton, MAXI, and Gaia to measure the geometrical distance ofMAXI J1348-630. The Gaia data place the scattering dust at a distance of 2050pc, from the measured time lags and the geometry of the ring, we find MAXIJ1348-630 at a distance of 3390 pc with a statistical uncertainty of only 1.1%and a systematic uncertainty of 10% caused mainly by the parallax offset ofGaia. This result makes MAXI J1348-630 one of the black hole transients withthe best determined distances. The new distance leads to a revised massestimate for the black hole of 11+-2 solar masses, the transition to the softstate during the outburst occurred when the bolometric luminosity of MAXIJ1348-630 had reached 1.7% of its Eddington luminosity.

A giant X-ray dust scattering ring around the black hole transient MAXI J1348-630 discovered with SRG/eROSITA