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The Odin satellite is now into its twentieth year of operation, muchsurpassing its design life of two years. One of its major pursuits was thesearch for and study of H2O in the Solar System and the Milky Way galaxy.Herschel has observed the central region of NGC 1365 in two positions, and bothits SPIRE and PACS observations are available in the Herschel Science Archive.Herschel PACS images have been produced of the 70 and 160 micron infraredemission from the whole galaxy, and also of the cold dust distribution asobtained from the ratio of the 160 to 70 micron images. The Herschel SPIREobservations have been used to produce maps of the 557 GHz o-H2O, 752 GHzp-H2O, 691 GHz CO(6-5), 1037 GHz CO(9-8), 537 GHz CH, 835 GHz CH+, and the 1461GHz NII lines; however, these observations have no effective velocityresolution. Odin has recently observed the 557 GHz o-H2O ground state line inthe central region with high (5 km/s) spectral resolution. The emission andabsorption of H2O at 557 GHz, with a velocity resolution of 5 km/s, has beenmarginally detected in NGC 1365 with Odin. The H2O is predominantly located ina shocked 15" (1.3 kpc) region near some central compact radio sources andhot-spot HII regions, close to the northeast component of the molecular torussurrounding the nucleus. An analysis of the H2O line intensities and velocitiesindicates that a shock-region is located here. This is corroborated by astatistical image deconvolution of our SEST CO(3-2) observations, yielding 5"resolution, and a study of our VLA HI absorption observations. Additionally, anenticing 20" HI ridge is found to extend south-southeast from the nucleus,coinciding in position with the southern edge of an OIII outflow cone,emanating from the nucleus. The molecular chemistry of the shocked centralregion is analyzed with special emphasis on the CO, H2O and CH, CH+ results.

astronomy and astrophysics

Herschel and Odin observations of H2O, CO, CH, CH+, and NII in the  barred spiral galaxy NGC 1365. Bar-induced activity in the outer and inner  circumnuclear tori