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The magma ocean period was a critical phase determining how Earth atmospheredeveloped into habitability. However there are major uncertainties in the roleof key processes such as outgassing from the planetary interior and escape ofspecies to space that play a major role in determining the atmosphere of earlyEarth. We investigate the influence of outgassing of various species and escapeof H$_2$ for different mantle redox states upon the composition and evolutionof the atmosphere for the magma ocean period. We include an important newatmosphere-interior coupling mechanism namely the redox evolution of the mantlewhich strongly affects the outgassing of species. We simulate the volatileoutgassing and chemical speciation at the surface for various redox states ofthe mantle by employing a C-H-O based chemical speciation model combined withan interior outgassing model. We then apply a line-by-line radiative transfermodel to study the remote appearance of the planet in terms of the infraredemission and transmission. Finally, we use a parameterized diffusion-limitedand XUV energy-driven atmospheric escape model to calculate the loss of H$_2$to space. We have simulated the thermal emission and transmission spectra forreduced or oxidized atmospheres present during the magma ocean period of Earth.Reduced or thin atmospheres consisting of H$_2$ in abundance emit moreradiation to space and have larger effective height as compared to oxidized orthick atmospheres which are abundant in H$_2$O and CO$_2$. We obtain theoutgassing rates of H2 from the mantle into the atmosphere to be a factor often times larger than the rates of diffusion-limited escape to space. Our workpresents useful insight into the development of Earth atmosphere during themagma ocean period as well as input to guide future studies discussingexoplanetary interior compositions.

Effect of mantle oxidation state and escape upon the evolution of Earth's magma ocean atmosphere