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Planets orbiting low-mass stars such as M dwarfs are now considered acornerstone in the search for life-harbouring planets. GJ273 is a planetarysystem orbiting an M dwarf only 3.75 pc away, composed of two confirmedplanets, GJ273b and GJ273c, and two promising candidates, GJ273d and GJ273e.Planet GJ273b resides in the habitable zone. Currently, due to a lack ofobserved planetary transits, only the minimum masses of the planets areknown.Despite being an interesting system, the GJ273 planetary system is stillpoorly studied. We aim at precisely determine the physical parameters of theindividual planets, in particular to break the mass--inclination degeneracy toaccurately determine the mass of the planets. Moreover, we present thoroughcharacterisation of planet GJ273b in terms of its potential habitability. Weexplored the planetary formation and hydration phases of GJ273 during the first100 Myr. Then, we analysed the stability of the system. We also searched forregions which may harbour minor bodies such as an asteroid belt and Kuiper beltanalogues. We found that the four-planet configuration of the system allows usto break the mass--inclination degeneracy with the following masses: $2.89\leqM_{\mathrm{b}}\leq3.03\,\mathrm{M}_\oplus$, $1.18\leqM_{\mathrm{c}}\leq1.24\,\mathrm{M}_\oplus$, $10.80\leqM_{\mathrm{d}}\leq11.35\,\mathrm{M}_\oplus$, and $9.30\leqM_{\mathrm{e}}\leq9.70\,\mathrm{M}_\oplus$. That is an Earth-mass planet, asuper-Earth and two mini-Neptunes. Moreover, GJ273b is found to be an efficientwater captor and GJ273c likely a dry planet. Several stable regions arepredicted where minor bodies might reside. We comprehensively discuss thehabitability of GJ273b.

GJ 273: On the formation, dynamical evolution and habitability of a planetary system hosted by an M dwarf at 3.75 parsec