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Studying the nature of various types of supernovae (SNe) is important for ourunderstanding of stellar evolution. Observations of atomic and molecular gas inthe host galaxies of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and SNe have recently been used tolearn about the nature of the explosions themselves and the star formationevents during which their progenitors were born. Based on archival data forM74, which previously has not been investigated in the context of SN positions,we report the gas properties in the environment of the broad-lined type Ic(Ic-BL) SN 2002ap and the type II SNe 2003gd, 2013ej, and 2019krl. The SN2002ap is located at the end of an off-centre, asymmetric, 55 kpc-long HIextension containing 7.5% of the total atomic gas in M74, interpreted as asignature of external gas accretion. It is the fourth known case of anexplosion of a presumably massive star located close to a concentration ofatomic gas (after GRBs 980425, 060505, and SN 2009bb). It is unlikely that allthese associations are random (at a 3sigma significance), so the case of SN2002ap adds to the evidence that the birth of the progenitors of type Ic-BL SNeand GRBs is connected with the accretion of atomic gas from the intergalacticmedium. The HI extension could come from tidally disrupted companions of M74,or be a remnant of a galaxy or a gas cloud that accreted entirely from theintragroup medium. The other (type II) SNe in M74 are located at the outsideedge of a spiral arm. This suggests that either their progenitors were bornwhen gas was piling up there or that the SN progenitors moved away from the armdue to their orbital motions. These type II SNe do not seem to be related togas accretion.

Connection of supernovae 2002ap, 2003gd, 2013ej, and 2019krl in M74 with atomic gas accretion and spiral structure