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Context: The chromospheric anemone microflares, which were discovered byHinode satellite about a decade ago, are specific transient phenomena startingfrom a few luminous ribbons on the chromospheric surface and followed by aneruption upward. While the eruptive stage was studied in sufficient detail, aquantitative theory of formation of the initial multi-ribbon structure remainsundeveloped until now. Aims: We construct a sufficiently simple but generalmodel of the magnetic field sources that is able to reproduce all the observedtypes of luminous ribbons by varying only a single parameter. Methods: As aworking tool, we employed the Gorbachev-Kel'ner-Somov-Shvarts (GKSS) model ofthe magnetic field, which was originally suggested about three decades ago toexplain fast ignition of the magnetic reconnection over considerable spatialscales by tiny displacements of the magnetic sources. Quite unexpectedly, thismodel turns out to be efficient for the description of generic multi-ribbonstructures in the anemone flares as well. Results: As follows from ournumerical simulation, displacement of a single magnetic source (sunspot) withrespect to three other sources results in a complex transformation from threeto four ribbons and then again to three ribbons, but with an absolutelydifferent arrangement. Such structures closely resemble the observed patternsof emission in the anemone microflares.

Topological model of the anemone microflares in the solar chromosphere