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[Abridged] We unveil the complex shape of a proto-supercluster at z~2.45 inthe COSMOS field using the spectroscopic redshifts of the VIMOS Ultra-DeepSurvey (VUDS), complemented by the zCOSMOS-Deep sample and high-qualityphotometric redshifts. The method relies on a 2D Voronoi tessellation inoverlapping redshift slices that is converted into a 3D density field. Thegalaxy distribution is constructed using a statistical treatment ofspectroscopic and photometric redshifts. We identify a proto-supercluster,dubbed "Hyperion" for its immense size and mass, which extends over a volume of~60x60x150 comoving Mpc^3 and has an estimated total mass of ~4.8x 10^15 M_sun.This immensely complex structure contains at least 7 density peaks within 2.4 <z < 2.5, connected by filaments. Based on the peaks average matter density, weestimate their total mass, M_tot, and find a range of masses from ~0.1x10^14M_sun to ~2.7x10^14 M_sun. By using spectroscopic members of each peak, weobtain the velocity dispersion of the galaxies in the peaks, and then theirvirial mass M_vir (under the strong assumption that they are virialised). Theagreement between M_vir and M_tot is surprisingly good, considering that almostall the peaks are probably not yet virialised. According to the sphericalcollapse model, the peaks have already started or are about to startcollapsing, and they are all predicted to be virialised by redshift z~0.8-1.6.We finally perform a careful comparison with the literature, given that smallercomponents of this proto-supercluster had previously been identified usingheterogeneous galaxy samples. With VUDS, we obtain a panoramic view of thislarge structure, that encompasses, connects, and considerably expands in ahomogeneous way on all previous detections of the various sub-components. Thisprovides us the unique possibility to study a rich supercluster in formation.

The progeny of a Cosmic Titan: a massive multi-component proto-supercluster in formation at z=2.45 in VUDS