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The fragmentation mode of high-mass molecular clumps and the properties ofthe central rotating structures surrounding the most luminous objects have yetto be comprehensively characterised. Using the IRAM NOrthern ExtendedMillimeter Array (NOEMA) and the IRAM 30-m telescope, the CORE survey hasobtained high-resolution observations of 20 well-known highly luminousstar-forming regions in the 1.37 mm wavelength regime in both line and dustcontinuum emission. We present the spectral line setup of the CORE survey and acase study for W3(H2O). At ~0.35" (700 AU at 2 kpc) resolution, the W3(H2O)clump fragments into two cores (West and East), separated by ~2300 AU. Velocityshifts of a few km/s are observed in the dense-gas tracer, CH3CN, across bothcores, consistent with rotation and perpendicular to the directions of twobipolar outflows, one emanating from each core. The kinematics of the rotatingstructure about W3(H2O) W shows signs of differential rotation of material,possibly in a disk-like object. The observed rotational signature aroundW3(H2O) E may be due to a disk-like object, an unresolved binary (or multiple)system, or a combination of both. We fit the emission of CH3CN (12-11) K = 4-6and derive a gas temperature map with a median temperature of ~165 K acrossW3(H2O). We create a Toomre Q map to study the stability of the rotatingstructures against gravitational instability. The rotating structures appear tobe Toomre unstable close to their outer boundaries, with a possibility offurther fragmentation in the differentially-rotating core W3(H2O) W. Rapidcooling in the Toomre-unstable regions supports the fragmentation scenario.Combining millimeter dust continuum and spectral line data toward the famoushigh-mass star-forming region W3(H2O), we identify core fragmentation on largescales, and indications for possible disk fragmentation on smaller spatialscales.

Core fragmentation and Toomre stability analysis of W3(H2O): A case study of the IRAM NOEMA large program CORE