English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

The combination of high-contrast imaging and high-dispersion spectroscopy,which has successfully been used to detect the atmosphere of a giant planet, isone of the most promising potential probes of the atmosphere of Earth-sizeworlds. The forthcoming generation of extremely large telescopes (ELTs) mayobtain sufficient contrast with this technique to detect O$_2$ in theatmosphere of those worlds that orbit low-mass M dwarfs. This is strongmotivation to carry out a census of planets around cool stars for whichhabitable zones can be resolved by ELTs, i.e. for M dwarfs within $\sim$5parsecs. Our HARPS survey has been a major contributor to that sample of nearbyplanets. Here we report on our radial velocity observations of Ross 128(Proxima Virginis, GJ447, HIP 57548), an M4 dwarf just 3.4 parsec away from ourSun. This source hosts an exo-Earth with a projected mass $m \sin i = 1.35M_\oplus$ and an orbital period of 9.9 days. Ross 128 b receives $\sim$1.38times as much flux as Earth from the Sun and its equilibrium ranges intemperature between 269 K for an Earth-like albedo and 213 K for a Venus-likealbedo. Recent studies place it close to the inner edge of the conventionalhabitable zone. An 80-day long light curve from K2 campaign C01 demonstratesthat Ross~128~b does not transit. Together with the All Sky Automated Survey(ASAS) photometry and spectroscopic activity indices, the K2 photometry showsthat Ross 128 rotates slowly and has weak magnetic activity. In a habitabilitycontext, this makes survival of its atmosphere against erosion more likely.Ross 128 b is the second closest known exo-Earth, after Proxima Centauri b (1.3parsec), and the closest temperate planet known around a quiet star. The 15 masplanet-star angular separation at maximum elongation will be resolved by ELTs($>$ 3$\lambda/D$) in the optical bands of O$_2$.

A temperate exo-Earth around a quiet M dwarf at 3.4 parsecs