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Follow-up observations at high-angular resolution of submillimeter galaxiesshowed that the single-dish sources are comprised of a blend of severalgalaxies. Consequently, number counts derived from low and high angularresolution observations are in disagreement. This demonstrates the importanceof resolution effects and the need to have realistic simulations to explorethem. We built a new 2deg^2 simulation of the extragalactic sky from thefar-infrared to the submillimeter. It is based on an updated version of the twostar-formation mode galaxy evolution model. Using global galaxy properties, weuse the abundance matching technique to populate a dark-matter lightcone andthus simulate the clustering. We produce maps and extract the sources, and showthat the limited angular resolution of single-dish instruments have a strongimpact on (sub)millimeter continuum observations. Taking into account theseresolution effects, we are reproducing a large set of observables, includingnumber counts, redshift distributions, and cosmic infrared background powerspectra. Our simulation describes consistently the number counts fromsingle-dish telescopes and interferometers. In particular, at 350 and 500 um,we find that number counts measured by Herschel between 5 and 50 mJy are biasedtowards high values by a factor 2, and that redshift distributions are biasedtowards low z. We also show that the clustering has an important impact on theHerschel pixel histogram used to derive number counts from P(D) analysis.Finally, we demonstrate that the large number density of red Herschel sourcesfound in observations but not in models could be an observational artifactcaused by the combination of noise, resolution effects, and the steepness ofcolor and flux density distributions. Our simulation (SIDES) is available athttp://cesam.lam.fr/sides

The impact of clustering and angular resolution on far-infrared and millimeter continuum observations